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urp:poly [2021-12-19] nerf_herder [Rational Roots] |
urp:poly [2022-01-07] (current) nerf_herder [Completing the square] |
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| start with quadratic equation: ax² + bx + c = 0 | start with quadratic equation: ax² + bx + c = 0 | ||
| - | **equation of square: a(x+d)² + e = 0,** where d = b/(2a) and e = c - b²/(4a) | + | === Method 1 === |
| + | |||
| + | Rewrite as x² + (b/a)x = -c/a | ||
| + | That becomes (x + b/2a)² = -c/a + (b/2a)² | ||
| + | Call d = b/2a: (x + d)² = d² - c/a | ||
| + | Take square roots: x + d = ±√(d² - c/a), and simplify | ||
| + | (Solving for x gives two answers, call it u and v. | ||
| + | The quadratic equation can then be rewritten as: a(x+u)(x+v) = 0) | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Method 2 === | ||
| + | |||
| + | Just compute the values: **equation of square: a(x+d)² + e = 0,** where d = b/(2a) and e = c - b²/(4a) | ||
| | | ||
| - | steps to get there: divide by a to get x² by itself | + | steps to get there: use method 1 to get (x + d)² = d² - c/a |
| - | x² + (b/a)x + (c/a) = 0 | + | multiply both sides by a: a(x + d)² = ad² - c |
| - | add & subtract ((b/a)/2)², now you have: | + | call e = c - ad², then a(x + d)² + e = 0 |
| - | x² + (b/a)x + ((b/a)/2)² + (c/a) - ((b/a)/2)² = 0 | + | |
| (x + (b/a))² + c/a - ((b/a)/2)² = 0 | (x + (b/a))² + c/a - ((b/a)/2)² = 0 | ||
| \==========/ | \==========/ | ||
| quadratic + remainder = 0 | quadratic + remainder = 0 | ||
| - | -b/a is the vertex (x value) if graphing, y = remainder | + | |
| + | -b/a is the vertex (x value) if graphing, y = remainder | ||
| which leads to **quadratic formula**: x = (-b +- √(b²-4ac)) / 2a | which leads to **quadratic formula**: x = (-b +- √(b²-4ac)) / 2a | ||